Ten years ago Côte d’Ivoire and Zimbabwe were believed to be stable and economically successful. Since then both countries have seen a dramatic decline in prosperity, hallmarked by poor governance, bad leadership, racism, xenophobia and clumsy efforts at land reform. This year both will hold elections. Côte d’Ivoire is the most immediately worrying, its crisis could blow up into a bloody all–out civil war that would have serious implications for West Africa.