Europe’s strategic choices 2025

Redefining Europe’s global role.

Special event
1 December 2025 TO 2 December 2025 — 8:00AM TO 5:00PM
Ritz-Carlton Berlin and online
Chatham House's Director and CEO, Bronwen Maddox, speaking at the 2024 Europe's Strategic Choices conference

2025 represents a pivotal moment for Europe to confront the looming challenges of security and economic competition and redefine its place in the world.  

With the US’s withdrawal from its traditional role of reliable ally to democratic countries and anchor of international institutions, the challenges that Europe was already facing are now amplified.  

Russia’s continuing war in Ukraine represents not just an immediate security threat but a cyber threat, and a challenge to the international order. The tariffs imposed by the US have made more acute the economic challenge raised in Mario Draghi’s report as to whether Europe can solve its lack of competitiveness. While some European countries have craved closer trading relationships with China, there is new wariness about security threats, including the need to protect domestic industries. These challenges are compounded by governments struggling to hold populism at bay, while at the same time, the European Union wrestles with its desire to be a global leader on the environment and in digital and data.  

Above all, Europe is looking to address these challenges by redefining its place in the world, striking new relationships with Africa, the Middle East, Asia and Latin America that will enable it to be the most important bloc after the two superpowers, pursuing its interests and its values in a world in upheaval.  

Now in its 11th year, the conference will bring together policymakers and representatives from business, civil society and academia to understand the choices that Europe needs to make today to prosper in an uncertain future across security and defence, competitiveness and trade, technology and global influence.  

This event will be taking place at the Ritz-Carlton Hotel in Berlin.

By registering for this event, attendees agree to our Code of Conduct, ensuring a respectful, inclusive, and welcoming space for diverse perspectives and debate.

Who attends

Agenda

Monday 1 December (timings subject to change)

Welcome address

0900–0905

Keynote address

0905–0945

Plenary session 1 | Europe: Leader or laggard in the great global realignment?

Will global disorder spur Europe into action to become an economic, military and political powerhouse? Can Europe fill the leadership gap left by the US? How should it respond to China? Should the European Union aim to act as one – or will European countries act in coalitions of the willing on different challenges? What choices does Europe need to confront to be a leading player in international order?

0945–1045

Networking break

1045–1115

Plenary session 2 | The quest for competitiveness: Is Europe open for business?

To boost competitiveness, what does Europe need to do on the single market, defence investment, data and digital regulation? Where should the EU strike new trade deals? What will dictate these relationships and what measures does it need to take to ensure it becomes the partner of choice? Can Europe compete in a US and China dominated world? How should it respond - trade, compete or protect its industries from Chinese imports?

1115–1215

Plenary session 3 | Securing Europe’s energy future

What trade-offs exist for delivering an energy-secure future without relying on a traditional fuel supply? Can electrification, decarbonisation and AI-enabled grid management strengthen Europe’s national security and enhance energy system resilience? Is international collaboration on energy security possible in a world defined by protectionism, sovereignty, and strategic resource competition over critical materials? What lessons can be learned from Ukraine in financing inherent resilience to align energy security with national security?    

1215–1315

Lunch

1315–1415

Spotlight sessions

These sessions will run concurrently in different rooms. Each session takes a deep dive into critical topics, offering dynamic and interactive discussions for participants.

Spotlight session 1 | Middle Powers: Writing the rules of the new world order

How are middle powers shaping a new international order? Where are middle powers helping resolve global crises? What priorities and principles should underpin new partnerships, including between the UK and European countries?  

Spotlight session 2 | From sanctions to separation: The split in the West

What are the implications of strained transatlantic relations for coordination on sanctions? Can the EU and UK maintain sanctions effectively without US support? Are sanctions still a viable tool for economic statecraft?  

Spotlight session 3 | Middle East  

What are Europe’s priorities on Middle Eastern security? Should Europe depart from the US in its approach to Israel? Iran? Does Europe have a role in mitigating conflict in the Middle East? 

1415–1515

Networking break

1515–1545

In conversation

1545–1630

Plenary session 4 | European defence: Drawing the battlelines of a new security order

What are the key obstacles to reaching 5% of GDP in defence spending? With reduced US backing, can Europe offer enough help to Ukraine and deter Russia? Is strengthening NATO’s European pillar the answer to reinforcing the alliance? Or does a coalition of the willing offer a better chance of success? How will defence industry consolidation impact the current defence landscape and the rapid need for procurement? How should countries coordinate innovation and spending?  

1630–1730

Networking reception

1730–1930

Tuesday 2 December (timings subject to change)

Keynote address

0900–0945

Plenary session 5 | EU enlargement: Navigating the right road ahead

If the EU seeks security and influence, should it enlarge further? How can it do so successfully? Should it include Ukraine? How is the rise of nationalist parties in member states changing enlargement discussions? How should the EU respond to members which contest its basic values? Could growing nationalism drive Europe towards greater integration – or the reverse? 

0945–1045

Networking break

1045–1115

Plenary session 6 | The AI Race: Has Europe already lost?

Is Europe world class at regulation – not technology? How can Europe counter US and China in AI and foster global winners? How could Europe reap the benefits of AI? How should Europe position its regulation of data, digital and AI on the global stage?

1115–1215

Plenary session 7 | Scenarios for Europe’s place in the future world order

Are we at a turning point for the post-Western world order? Has the US’s unpredictability pushed Europe closer to China?  Will BRICS enter a period of expansion or consolidation and what role for Europe? Will Europe seize the moment of change to become a force in the future world order?  

1215–1315

Networking lunch

1315–1400

Close of conference

1400

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